Cervical health
A few minutes now. Fewer worries later.
A Pap smear is one of the simplest ways to stop cervical cancer before it starts.
It finds changed cells early, often years before they could turn into cancer.
No insurance? EAESSI helps uninsured women in Virginia get tested at no cost.
Free Pap test helpFor uninsured Virginia women who qualify
What it checks
A small sample. Some big answers.
A Pap smear takes a few cells from your cervix. A lab checks them for changes.
What does a Pap smear check for?
A Pap smear looks for abnormal cells on the cervix that could turn into cancer if left alone. An HPV test looks for the virus behind nearly all cervical cancers. Both can use the same sample, so your provider may run them together.
The test itself takes a few minutes. You lie on an exam table while your provider uses a speculum to see the cervix, then collects cells with a small brush.
Most women feel pressure, not pain. Curious what it feels like? Read does a Pap smear hurt.
Pap smear
Looks for abnormal cells on the cervix that could turn into cancer if left alone.
HPV test
Looks for the virus behind nearly all cervical cancers.
How often
Your age sets the schedule. Here it is.
You do not need a Pap smear every year. How often depends on your age and the test you choose.
How often do you need a Pap smear?
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends a Pap smear every 3 years from ages 21 to 29. From 30 to 65, you can choose a Pap every 3 years, an HPV test every 5 years or both tests together every 5 years.
Ages 21 to 29
A Pap smear every 3 years is the standard for this age group.
Ages 30 to 65
Pick one: a Pap every 3 years, an HPV test every 5 years or both together every 5 years.
Over 65
You may be able to stop if your past results were normal. Your provider will confirm this with you.
Important to know
Women with HIV, a weak immune system or past abnormal results may need testing more often.
Warning signs
Early cancer is quiet. Later signs are not.
Most women with early cervical cancer feel fine. That is why cervical cancer screening matters more than waiting for symptoms.
What are the signs of cervical cancer?
Early cervical cancer usually causes no symptoms. Later cervical cancer signs include bleeding after sex, between periods or after menopause. Unusual discharge and pain in the pelvis or during sex can also be signs.
- Bleeding after sex
- Bleeding between periods
- Any bleeding after menopause
- Periods heavier or longer than usual
- Watery, bloody or strong smelling discharge
- Pain in the pelvis
- Pain during sex
Important to know
These cervical cancer signs often have other causes, like an infection. Still, do not wait for your next Pap smear. Call a provider soon if you notice any of them. Learn more in recognizing early cervical cancer symptoms.
Call a provider soonif you notice any of these signs
Who we help
Which one of these sounds like you?
Women put off a Pap smear for all kinds of reasons. Here is what we tell them.
"It's been years since my last Pap."
You are not alone. Women who skip screening carry the most risk, and starting again is simple.
"I don't have insurance."
Every Woman's Life covers a pelvic exam and Pap test at no cost for women who qualify.
"I'm nervous about the exam."
Tell your provider. You can ask for a smaller speculum, take a pause or bring someone with you.
"My last result was abnormal."
Most abnormal results are not cancer. Follow up testing tells you what the change means.
After your results
Abnormal is not cancer. It is a signal.
An abnormal Pap result is common. Here is what usually happens next.
What happens after an abnormal Pap smear?
Most abnormal Pap results are linked to HPV and clear up or can be treated early. Your provider may repeat the test, run an HPV test or do a closer exam called a colposcopy. Every Woman's Life covers the tests needed to reach a final diagnosis.
If cancer is found, women in the program may qualify for Medicaid to pay for treatment, according to the Virginia Department of Health. You will not work through the next steps alone.
What happens next
- Your provider may repeat the test
- Or run an HPV test
- Or do a closer exam called a colposcopy
Every Woman's Life covers the tests needed to reach a final diagnosis.
How we help
No insurance? You still get tested.
EAESSI connects uninsured women in Virginia to free cervical cancer screening and stays with them through their results.
Reach out
Call us or send a message. Tell us your age, county and insurance status.
We check your options
Every Woman's Life serves Virginia residents 18 to 64 who are uninsured and meet income limits. Women under 40 need symptoms or a high risk.
You get tested
We help you book a Pap smear near you and follow up once your results are in.
We stay with youthrough your results
Common questions
Straight answers about Pap smears.
Need help getting tested?
EAESSI helps uninsured women check eligibility and book a visit.
Does a Pap smear hurt?
Most women feel pressure or mild cramping for a minute or two. Slow breathing and relaxed hips help. Tell your provider if anything feels painful.
How long does a Pap smear take?
The Pap smear itself takes a few minutes. Most of the visit is talking with your provider before and after.
Can I get a free Pap smear in Virginia?
Yes, if you qualify for Every Woman's Life. EAESSI helps uninsured women check eligibility and book a visit.
What is the difference between a Pap smear and an HPV test?
A Pap smear looks for abnormal cells. An HPV test looks for the virus that causes those changes. Both can use the same sample.
Can I get a Pap smear during my period?
It is best to book a few days after your period ends. Light bleeding does not always stop the test, so ask your clinic.
Does the HPV vaccine replace Pap smears?
No. The vaccine lowers your risk, but vaccinated women still need regular screening. Learn more on our HPV vaccine page.
Free screening help
Cervical cancer is highly preventable. Your next Pap smear is how.
For uninsured women in Virginia who qualify.
About EAESSI
Evelyn Ancrum Education Support Systems (EAESSI) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit based in Spotsylvania, Virginia. We help uninsured women get breast screenings and help Virginia students pay for college.
General educational information
This guide is for general education. It does not replace advice from your doctor. Screening and program details on this page come from these sources: